COTTON
8Pages

A JAIN IRRIGATION COMPANY

INTRODUCTION Domestic cotton has a unique origin and history among cultivated crops. The wild ancestors of modern cotton species were perennial vines that inhabited several distinct geographic areas, including Africa, Arabia, Australia and Mesoamerica (Mexico & Central America). Five distinct species of cultivated cotton were developed: Egyptian, Sea Island, American Pima, Asiatic and Upland. Wild cotton is a tropical perennial plant with an indeterminate fruiting habit, meaning that it continues to produce new foliage even after it begins to create seed, and can grow very tall under...

WASTE WATER EFFLUENT Irrigating cotton with recycled effluent water has been implemented a great deal in Israel. NaanDan Jain has adapted the design of a range of products and irrigation systems in order to benefit the use of this water. The high level of nitrate in the effluent water helps to save fertilizers and cost. PLANT DENSITY The common spacing between rows is 75–100 cm, although with some cotton crop varieties and dense planting methods, spacing between rows can be 40–50 cm. Plant spacing within each row is 10–60 cm, according to local practices and conditions. Cotton emerges the...

PHENOLOGY OF THE COTTON PLANT Today it is common practice to apply at least 300 kg of pure nitrogen, giving 100 kg at the beginning and the rest through irrigation. Avoid excess nitrate levels at the end of the season, which can affect the defoliation before mechanical harvest. Add quantities of potassium and phosphorous according to needs indicated in soil tests. According to another approach, best yields are achieved by fertilizing proportionally, with the limits of 25-50 ppm of nitrogen and potassium in water.

IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT Irrigation management and scheduling methods are based on climatic conditions, the class A pan evaporation, and the vegetative model of the daily crop growth rate (daily elongation of the internodes and plant height). The target is to keep optimal ratio growth of productive parts and vegetative parts. Too little water causes water deficit, associated with fruit-forming abscission and lower yields. On the other hand, irrigating too frequently may cause excessive vegetative growth, not associated with higher yields. Using a “pressure chamber” (measuring the water tension...

The delay at the beginning of the first irrigation allows tilling of the soil and weeding, as well as water conservation. The first irrigation under a drip system starts only 8–10 weeks after planting. With certain varieties, first irrigation takes place about 7–10 days before flowering, while with other varieties, first irrigation starts when the square reaches 1–2 cm. During this first drip irrigation, it’s important to connect the wetted “onion” at a depth of 15 cm With Pressure Chamber measurements the optimal time to start irrigation is when the water tension in the leaves is 14-18...

NAANDANJAIN’S RANGE OF SOLUTIONS FOR DRIP IRRIGATION PC drippers for long- run and undulating fields AmnonDrip & TopDrip 1.1-2.2 l/h dripper Operating at low pressure for energy saving Available as hard tubing for laying and retrieving system Thin- wall type-TopDrip PC/AS dripper & TalDrip, for subsurface applications (SDI ) Diameter 16-23 mm SPRINKLERS IRRIGATION Irrigation with sprinklers is characterized by long intervals and larger water quantity per irrigation. The seasonal water requirements of 400–500 mm (for the Mediterranean climate) is divided over 3-5 doses. First irrigation dose...

NaanDanJain is committed to finding the ideal solution for your cotton crop, tailored to your local climatic conditions, soil, water properties, and budget. Contact our office or your local dealer for further information. © 2014 NaanDanJain Ltd. All rights reserved. All specifications are subject to change without notice. All information should be used only as a guideline. For specific recommendations contact your local agronomist. NaanDanJain Irrigation Ltd. Post Naan 7682900, Israel. T:+972-8-9442180, F:+972-8-9442190 E: mkt@naandanjain.com www.naandanjain.com